Introduction
The Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) has issued new directives for sewage treatment plants (STPs) in India, reflecting compliance with the Hon’ble National Green Tribunal’s (NGT) order dated April 30, 2019. These new standards for sewage treatment are set to standardize effluent quality and promote the recycling and reuse of treated wastewater for various non-potable applications.
The new standards impose stringent limits on key parameters: pH (5.5-9.0), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD, 10 mg/L), Total Suspended Solids (TSS, 20 mg/L), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD, 50 mg/L), total nitrogen (10 mg/L), total phosphorus (1.0 mg/L for ponds and lakes), and fecal coliform (desirable 100 MPN/100 ml, permissible 230 MPN/100 ml). Consequently, these updated norms align with international standards, specifically BIS17663 (2021). As a result, they ensure comprehensive wastewater recycling and reuse.
The revised guidelines go beyond traditional uses to include non-potable applications like toilet flushing, fire protection, vehicle washing, recreational use, non-contact impoundments, horticulture, and irrigation of non-edible crops. Furthermore, this holistic approach addresses environmental concerns and supports water conservation efforts.
MoHUA has directed concerned departments, including Public Health Engineering Departments (PHEDs), Jal Nigams, Water Boards, and Agriculture Departments, to adopt these amended norms. The directive also emphasizes coordination among various stakeholders to implement these standards effectively.
Conclusion
The revised sewage treatment norms are a major step toward sustainable water management in India. By adopting these new standards for sewage treatment, cities and towns can improve environmental stewardship. Consequently, they will ensure safer and more efficient use of treated wastewater across various sectors. Furthermore, MoHUA’s proactive measures highlight India’s dedication to better environmental quality and resource conservation.
Download: New Standards for Sewage Treatment and Water Reuse: India
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