CPCB to Phase Out 49 Hazardous Chemical Processes by 2030

Introduction

In a landmark regulatory move to promote green manufacturing and sustainable chemistry, the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has issued a circular on June 4, 2024, initiating the Chemical Process Phase-Out of 49 identified chemical processes deemed environmentally hazardous. This initiative aligns with the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) and the National Action Plan for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), supporting cleaner production and reduced toxic emissions. The circular outlines a strategic timeline and transitional pathways to gradually eliminate outdated, polluting processes while helping industries shift to greener alternatives.

What Is Being Phased Out?

A total of 49 specific chemical processes are being targeted for phase-out. These involve:

Use of toxic reagents
Generation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs)
Excessive water and energy consumption
High emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) or hazardous air pollutants (HAPs)

The list includes processes common in:

Pharmaceuticals
Agrochemicals
Dyes and pigments
Pesticides
Chlorinated and aromatic solvents

📌 A complete list is enclosed as Annexure I of the circular.

Key Provisions of the Circular

Voluntary Phase-Out by 2025

Industries using any of the listed processes are encouraged to voluntarily discontinue them by December 31, 2025, and adopt approved alternative green technologies.

Mandatory Phase-Out by 2030

The final mandatory phase-out deadline for all 49 processes is set as March 31, 2030.

Applicability

This circular applies to all:

Industries operating under the Air Act, Water Act, and Environment (Protection) Act
Units with valid CTE/CTO or CCA from State Pollution Control Boards
SEZ units, industrial estates, and export-focused manufacturing

Required Industry Action

Industries using any of the 49 listed processes must:

Declare usage of phased-out processes to their SPCB/PCC within 3 months
Submit a transition plan for switching to green alternatives
Implement intermediate controls such as:
- Solvent recovery
- Zero liquid discharge (ZLD)
- Fume suppression systems
Explore technology partnerships with CSIR labs or green chemistry innovators
Apply for amendment in Consent upon transitioning

Support Mechanisms

CPCB will support transition via:

Technical guidance documents
Empanelled green process consultants
Workshops and pilot demonstrations
Coordination with MoEFCC, NITI Aayog, and DPIIT for policy incentives

Penalty for Non-Compliance

Units failing to:

Declare their usage
Transition by 2030
May face:

❌ Consent suspension
Revocation of CCA/CTE/CTO
Legal action under EPA, 1986

Benefits of the Phase-Out

Boosts green manufacturing competitiveness
Reduces toxic effluents and emissions
Aligns Indian industry with global ESG standards
Supports UN SDGs 6, 9, 12, and 13

Conclusion

The CPCB’s phase-out of 49 hazardous chemical processes by 2030 represents a bold but necessary leap toward environmental modernization. Industries should act now by auditing their existing processes, preparing a compliance roadmap, and adopting safe, efficient, and sustainable alternatives. With clear timelines and support from regulatory bodies, the shift to green chemistry is not just required—it’s achievable.

Download: Chemical Process Phase-Out by CPCB Before 2030